What is the Socio-Economic Background to Kahramanmaraş, Osmaniye and Adana? 
Kahramanmaraş is the second largest of the pipeline provinces in terms of population. The average household size is six, and the region is characterized by continued rural to urban migration. The province is located in the transition zone between Central Anatolia in the north and the Cukurova region (the most fertile part of Turkey, with irrigation generally allowing two harvests per year). Industrial activity is almost non-existent in the surveyed settlements, with the exception of Goksun. Electricity, water and telephone networks are available (although regularity of electricity supply is a problem). Average literacy rates are high.

Osmaniye has a population of 438,000, of whom 3% live in the pipeline corridor. Agricultural activities are the main source of income, with grain being the main output. The province is primarily situated on the Cukurova plain, the most fertile area of Turkey. Animal husbandry is generally carried out for subsistence purposes. It is the only surveyed southern province with limited agricultural and industrial diversification. Non-agricultural activities are limited and trade is difficult in the forest settlements. Residents cite their most pressing problems as: unemployment and low income; insufficient sewerage or irrigation infrastructure, poor roads and poor access to clean water.

Adana, has 1.7 million inhabitants, 8% of whom live within the pipeline corridor. It has experienced significant in-migration and seasonal migration of agricultural workers particularly from south-east Anatolia. There is a high degree of land inequality and polarisation compared with other provinces, together with high crop production and high diversification of output (including vegetables and fruit). Adana is one of the most developed and industrialized provinces in Turkey (particularly around Ceyhan district), although formal sewerage systems and solid waste disposal systems are rare. Literacy rates are relatively high. Electricity, water and telephone networks are available although supply, particularly of the former, is irregular. The main problems for local residents are the lack of services, particularly the inadequacy of water networks and the increasing difficulties experienced in meeting livelihood needs.

Source: EIA Household and Settlement Survey (2001)

What are the overall CIP Programme aims? 
The overall objective of the CIP is to promote sustainable social and economic development of the people living within the 4 km corridor along the BTC Pipeline, which go beyond the simple mitigation of negative impacts caused by pipeline construction. The CIP, which intends to cover settlements and sections of the population experiencing greatest poverty, will give rural communities, support associations, co-operatives, and NGOs the skills to help themselves. The projects aim at improving social and economic capacity, income-earning and economic opportunities, improving the agricultural sector and increasing rural people’s problem-solving skills through training, and organization. A series of infrastructure improvements is also planned for schools, health facilities and water and sanitation facilities.

Who will implement the project? 
The implementation of each of the project components will be managed by G&G Consulting, a Turkish private development consultancy with considerable experience in managing development projects. Where possible they will seek to sub-contract with local NGOs and other relevant organisations for the provision of goods, works and services.

G&G will ensure that all components are implemented in line with the project work plan, that the allocated budget is properly deployed, that the required expertise, technical assistance and training is provided, and that all targets are met.

Which groups of people will the project target? 
The main focus will be on the poorest communities, primarily in Kahramanmaras. Work specifically aimed at women will also be given a high priority.

What geographical area will the project cover? 
The Mediterranean Region is the southern most part of the pipeline route and covers the three provinces of Kahramanmaras, Osmaniye and Adana. Although described as a region, the three provinces have very different characteristics from one another. Adana in the south is one of the most industrialised and affluent provinces in Turkey, while the districts in Osmaniye affected by the pipeline can also be characterised as relatively affluent places. Kahramanmaras however is one of the poorest regions of Turkey. These differences are reflected in the economic profiles of the three provinces. The number of people affected by the pipeline and within the 4km corridor also varies between the three provinces (K.maraş – 29.661, Adana – 11.984, Osmaniye – 4131). These differences will be reflected in the intensity of activities in each region.

What activities will the project include? 
The project is separated into two stages:

Stage 1 will focus on project start-up, planning and undertaking a Participatory Needs Analysis in the 68 settlements.

Stage 2 will focus on the implementation of Quick Impact Projects and long-term development programmes, based on the priorities identified in stage 1.

Stage 1 - Project launch and Inception activities

Establish project offices, procure equipment, deploy staff etc; Develop Logical Framework Analysis for the project; Prepare project work plans; Prepare publicity and visibility plan; Introduction & Organization Briefings in Villages Dissemination; Prepare Inception Report, to include detailed work programme and budget

Stage 1 - Programme design and development phase

Undertake Participatory Needs Analysis (PNA); prepare list and details of priority villages and projects for implementation.

Stage 2 – Implementation of Quick Impact Projects

Undertake works and/or invite tenders from relevant local organizations; monitor and quality assure implementation of works; make final evaluation and if acceptable approve works undertaken and end the project

Stage 2 – Implementation of Long-term programmes and sustainable developments

Village Development Associations (VDAs); undertake legal planning and initiate process of creation of VDAs; initiate consultation process in villages to identify members of VDA; recruitment and training of community facilitators; provide technical assistance to inhabitants to establish and manage the VDA; produce Operational Manual for VDA; training VDA members in management and operation of credit funds; village training facilities; identify villages which have facilities which can be used to develop training facilities e.g. School, community centre, village cafe etc.; finalise locations of training facilities to ensure accessibility for all 68 villages; design layout and equipment needs of each facility; commission works to refurbish training rooms and to purchase equipment;training community facilitators in the management and use of training facilities and equipment; sub-district bases;

Community facilitators; identify 10 individuals in villages who can be trained and become community facilitators; design and implement training programme for community facilitators

Micro Credit Funds and Repayment Schemes

Envisaged micro credit funds will have strictly established rules and regulations, with credit terms and conditions clearly stated. G&G will produce comprehensive manuals on the legal establishment, setting up, management and operation of the credit fund; identify priority villages and begin consultation process to identify members of VDAs; Implement training programme and technical assistance to implement the Operational Monitor initial operations of credit funds; Establish MIS and reporting system ; Monitor and evaluate all VDAs and micro credit funds through monthly reporting cycle and site inspections.

Projects, Training and Technical Assistance

Implementation of projects identified through PNA and credit funds; Selection and contracting with sub-contractors and experts; NGO capacity development Identification and replication of best practice in community development

What improvements will the project help communities to achieve? 

• To establish a Regional Forum of stakeholders to take responsibility for creating a strategy for development.
• To initiate a community planning process, based on the PNA, in each village to enable local people to define their priorities.
• To recruit and train 140 (preferably female) Community Facilitators. These people will act as project ‘animateurs’ providing a link between the project and the communities it targets.
• The quick impact programme will create permanent improvements to the environment and infrastructure of the villages., laying the foundations for more productive and sustainable agriculture.
• The engagement of women and young people in economic activities and the stimulation of micro business and entrepreneurship will develop skills and create employment.
• Share and disseminate best practice within the region, learn from projects in other regions and replicate successful initiatives.
• The project will also create a sustainable micro credit fund and the institutional structures and capacity to support it. This will ensure continuity of activities after the CIIP ends.
• Provide continuous training and technical assistance to participants in the CIP, ensuring the permanent transfer of knowledge and skills to local people. This will include support to develop the capacity of local NGOs to implement projects.
• Help groups of individuals involved in productive activities to establish contracts with suppliers, so guaranteeing a long-term market for their products.
• The establishment of VDAs will create sustainable institutions which can continue the project activities after the end of project funding.
• Similarly, the establishment of permanent credit lines to these communities, and the setting of interest repayments rates which will cover costs, means that there is a sustainable source of finance for development of economically productive activities.
• Finally, begin developing an Exit Strategy during the inception phase of the project. This will be further developed during implementation and finalised before the end of the project.

Amount of Grant to be Provided for the Project 
US Dollar 1.998.900.-

For further information: 
G&G: Michael Dorsman (Project Manager) or Güner Gücük (Managing Partner)
Tel: +90 (312) 468 6333